Spin-orbit (SO) coupling is known to cause many novel phenomena in electron materials. The recent realization of SO coupling in neutral atoms has opened up new directions to explore novel SO effects in a diversity of new physical settings.
　　In this talk, I shall discuss two fundamental phenomena due to the interplay of SO coupling and interaction. The first is the dramatic destructive effect of SO coupling on Bose-Einstein condensation, to the point that we may have for the first time a 3D Bose liquid that refuses to condense at T=0. The second is the dramatic effect on 1D strongly repulsive fermions -- even a tiny SO coupling can re-organize the system into a “giant nematic”, which exhibits huge spin fluctuations. Finally,if time permits, I shall briefly demonstrate how SO coupling modifies the validity of widely used pseudo-potential interacting models. These phenomena illustrate the
richness of SO coupling on interacting systems, a subject of fundamental importance where theoretical investigations remain at their infancy.